It would be used in a sentence like this:
Let's not invite your Uncle Peter. He is (a) ......, you know, and he would feel very uncomfortable among our friends.
I'm not looking for lists.
I'm not looking for phrases that show disapproval of only one of these habits.
If someone strongly disapproves of doing something, it is obvious to me that the person doesn't do it himself, otherwise it wouldn't be genuine disapproval.
Abstainer, teetotaler, Puritan?
An abstainer is literally one who abstains, typically from some passion or pleasure.
The word teetotaler (nothing to do with "tea") comes from the Temperance Movement of the late 1800s, when people claimed to "t-t-totally abstain" from alcohol. Nowadays, we would say "totally with a capital T", but back then, you would feign a stutter.
The Puritans were a movement of English Protestants who objected to the way the Anglican Church was recreating the hierarchical Roman Church and sought a more personal relationship with God.
Their humane beliefs and passion for education (Harvard was founded as a school for Puritan ministers) have been forgotten, and their preference for plain clothing and their distaste for the theater and public holidays have been unfairly inflated in the public imagination to include a prudish rejection of pleasures like drinking and sex that actual Puritans embraced wholeheartedly.
The historian T.B. Macaulay, who should have known better, wrote, "Puritans disliked bear-baiting not because it gave pain to the bear but because it proffered pleasure to the onlookers." To call someone a "Puritan" today implies a dour joylessness, someone who doesn't drink not because he has to drive but because he might accidentally enjoy himself.
To me, incidentally, the word "puritanical" describes a thought, word, or deed that might be ascribed (even wrongly as we have seen) to a Puritan. An actual human being should be tagged as "Puritan" or "a Puritan".
If you wanted a slightly humorous answer you could make use of "buzzkill"
Noun: (slang) someone or something that stops people from enjoying themselves
However a suitable adjective might be "straitlaced"
- excessively strict in conduct or morality; puritanical; prudish:
I'm not sure if this is in dictionaries (so it might be considered slangy) but it is a term most American-English speakers will be familiar with and means exactly what you're asking for:
straightedge (adj)
The word that immediately came to my mind is prude.
He might be called a square but this word is not specifically about substance use but rather refers to someone with a normative or conservative way of thinking. In the 40s, someone who didn't appreciate jazz was called a square. In the 60s, there were the hippies, and most everyone else was a bunch of squares. I don't think it is commonly used anymore but my friends find it humorous.
In American slang, they can be called goody two-shoes. They seem uncommonly good and they won't do anything that can be regarded as wrong, immoral or "sinful". This covers both abstaining from and disapproving drinking, smoking, gambling and more.
Goody two, goody two, goody goody two shoes
Don't drink, don't smoke, what do you do?
Warning: It is a belittling term.
a person who always behaves well, and perhaps has a disapproving attitude to people who do not
http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/goody-two-shoes
Stuffed shirt, wet blanket, killjoy, grinch, spoilsport, Mrs Grundy and party pooper all convey much of what you are after. So does the adjective prim.
Of these, the descriptors stuffed shirt and Mrs Grundy probably convey the lowest degree of intent to spoil the pleasure of others; the terms principally imply a person of conservative, conventional views as regards social behaviour.
Similarly, prim means 'exaggeratedly proper', but not necessarily with the implication of possessing the desire to prevent other people having fun.
"Royal pain in the assets" is how I'd likely describe him. But "prig" (definition 3) seems to fit the requirements pretty well, and is probably understood by most in the US, at least.
I would use one of the two below. Which is more appropriate depends on how Uncle Peter actually expresses his discomfort:
Let's not invite your uncle Peter. He is austere...
Let's not invite your uncle Peter. He is sententious...
Only going by the context provided, I would describe Uncle Peter as austere. Its primary meaning is "stern and cold in appearance or manner", but also means "morally strict, ascetic" (source: Merriam-Webster).
The word ascetic is like austere, but with the connotations reversed.
1 : practicing strict self-denial as a measure of personal and especially spiritual discipline
2 : austere in appearance, manner, or attitude
(Source: Merriam-Webster)
However, it is a more obscure word than austere.
The disapproval of indulgent activity is inherently a personal choice, as the individual believes choosing to do is better morally or spiritually. The word austere would give the indication that the individual subjects that disapproval upon others as well. If the individual actively vocalizes the harms of over-indulgence rather than just cold or disapproving looks, then you could use the word sententious:
: having or expessing strong opinions about what people should and should not do
(Source: Merriam-Webster)
You could use the more commonly understood word preachy, but I feel it has religious connotations which may or may not be appropriate.
Temperance advocate is a somewhat old-fashioned term, used often about 75 to 100 years ago. Teetotaler is current and applies specifically to alcohol, whereas temperance is applicable to all abstainers.
A word that you might typically use to describe that sort of person while not strictly meaning that exactly is conservative.
"He was always quite wild even though his parents were pretty conservative"
I think "Straight Arrow" should cover it.
