OED states that the verb hunch is of obscure origin but tries to explain the sense-development:
Of obscure origin: but compare hinch v. If sense II.3 belongs to the same word as senses I.1 and I.2 (which is doubtful), the sense-development may have been ‘to thrust or shoot out’, ‘to cause to stick out’, and hence ‘to form a projection or protuberance’.
and notes that the typical meaning of the verb 'hunch' is first observed in the compound word 'hunch-backed':
It is noteworthy that the first trace of sense II.3 appears, not in the simple hunch verb or noun, but in the combination hunch-backed substituted in the 2nd Quarto of Shakespeare's Richard III (1598) iv. iv. 81, for the earlier and ordinary 16–17th cent. word bunch-backed...
Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “hunch (v.), Etymology,” March 2024, https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/7981692207.
Note: I haven’t cited the entire note about hunch-backed in OED because it is lengthy and not particularly relevant.
For the noun hunch, OED states that the original sense is formed by conversion, and includes a brief etymology for its other senses:
In sense 1 < hunch v.; in sense 2 apparently deduced < hunch-backed. Sense 3 may belong to a distinct word; this, although known only from 1790, is found in popular use before 1830 in southern and northern dialects, in the West Indies, and in New England. Compare also hunk n.1 in same sense, exemplified from 1813.
OED also lists the adjective hunch and adds that it is perhaps formed within English, by conversion from the verb hunch. It is listed as a dialectal word meaning "That shrivels or pinches (with cold)."
- Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “hunch (adj.),” July 2023, https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/5057064459.