This study presents a novel statistical approach for detecting disparities on different levels in the economy**,** by integrating AC and UF analytical methods.
Should I use a comma before "by integrating..."?
You should omit the comma because there is no need for it. The meaning is clear even without the comma and it feels out of place just like "My friend Cleo, is a wonderful singer." (incorrect)
You can refer to https://www.grammarly.com/blog/comma/ to get a better understanding.