In this context "that" is an anaphoric (backward-pointing) pronoun referring to "body". In other words, "the body is the body of a man..." . An alternative pronoun that also fits here is "one".
The construction can certainly be used in other contexts. For example,
- The dress is that of a person who has more money than taste.
- Your answer is that of someone who knows nothing about the subject.
As to whether "that" is redundant here, I suspect views will differ. I find its omission only marginally acceptable in your example, but not at all in my examples.