In some cases, particularly your third, the adjective obscurantist and its noun obscurantism may be helpful.

[Merriam Webster](

Obscurantism:
a style (as in literature or art) characterized by deliberate vagueness or abstruseness

Collins

If you describe something as obscurantist, you mean that it is deliberately vague and difficult to understand, so that it prevents people from finding out the truth about it.

You may also find meandering helpful:

Cambridge

moving slowly in no particular direction or with no clear purpose:
a long meandering speech

In some cases, particularly your third, the adjective obscurantist and its noun obscurantism may be helpful.

[Merriam Webster](

Obscurantism:
a style (as in literature or art) characterized by deliberate vagueness or abstruseness

Collins

If you describe something as obscurantist, you mean that it is deliberately vague and difficult to understand, so that it prevents people from finding out the truth about it.

You may also find meandering helpful:

Cambridge

moving slowly in no particular direction or with no clear purpose:
a long meandering speech

The general quality of what you describe is that it is prolix, or marked by the relevant noun, prolixity

Merriam Webster

prolix: 1 : unduly prolonged or drawn out : too long
2 : marked by or using an excess of words

All of which makes the argument abstruse

Cambridge
abstruse:
not known or understood by many people.