Bearing is the direction to an external object, which is obviouslyan essential part of navigation. So "your bearing is 180 degrees" is not meaningful; "your bearing is 180 degrees from the lighthouse" is helpful (sometimes expressed as "0 degrees to the lighthouse", but that's another question).

Heading is what you are looking for to express the direction you are facing (I think Wikipedia's explanation is confusing: yes, it is expressed as an angle, but only because it is necessary to reduce it to numbers: 'heading due west' is perfectly normal.)

There is no single word to express the direction you are actually travelling in, probably because there are so many components (wind, leeway, current, pilot error...). Course made good or track over ground are probably closest.

Bearing is the direction to an external object, which is obviously an essential part of navigation. So "your bearing is 180 degrees" is not meaningful; "your bearing is 180 degrees from the lighthouse" is helpful (sometimes expressed as "0 degrees to the lighthouse", but that's another question).

Heading is what you are looking for to express the direction you are facing (I think Wikipedia's explanation is confusing; yes, it is expressed as an angle, but only when necessary to reduce it to numbers: 'heading due west' is perfectly normal.)

There is no single word to express the direction you are actually travelling in, probably because there are so many components (wind, leeway, current, pilot error...). Course made good or track over ground are probably closest.