One term for name-calling is given by Lexico as

pejorative
ADJECTIVE

Expressing contempt or disapproval.

The individual may be classified as incomplete, immature, or by other pejorative terms which detract from his dignity.

One term for name-calling is given by Lexico as

pejorative
ADJECTIVE

Expressing contempt or disapproval.

The individual may be classified as incomplete, immature, or by other pejorative terms which detract from his dignity.

However, a pejorative term is not the same as name-calling, which can be a simple insult.
Describing a convicted rapist as a "rapist" is true.