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The issue with factoid is that it doesn't necessarily mean false.

Definition of factoid:

1. A brief or trivial item of news or information.

1.1 An assumption or speculation that is reported and repeated so often that it becomes accepted as fact.

I think the word misconception fits in your sentence:

Because he researched what he had heard from his friends, he was able to refute many of their misconceptions.

Misconception does necessarily mean false. Definition:

A view or opinion that is incorrect because it is based on faulty thinking or understanding.

Example:

Public misconceptions about AIDS remain high.

A myth is similar. Definition:

A widely held but false belief or idea.

Example:

He wants to dispel the myth that sea kayaking is too risky or too strenuous.

More synonyms include:

error, misbelief, miscalculation, false impression, fallacy, false notion, old wives' tale, urban myth/legend

(Oxford Dictionaries Online: factoid, misconception, myth)

I think the word misconception fits in your sentence:

Because he researched what he had heard from his friends, he was able to refute many of their misconceptions.

Misconception does necessarily mean false. Definition:

A view or opinion that is incorrect because it is based on faulty thinking or understanding.

Example:

Public misconceptions about AIDS remain high.

A myth is similar. Definition:

A widely held but false belief or idea.

Example:

He wants to dispel the myth that sea kayaking is too risky or too strenuous.

More synonyms include:

error, misbelief, miscalculation, false impression, fallacy, false notion, old wives' tale, urban myth/legend

(Oxford Dictionaries Online: factoid, misconception, myth)

The issue with factoid is that it doesn't necessarily mean false.

Definition of factoid:

1. A brief or trivial item of news or information.

1.1 An assumption or speculation that is reported and repeated so often that it becomes accepted as fact.

I think the word misconception fits in your sentence:

Because he researched what he had heard from his friends, he was able to refute many of their misconceptions.

Definition:

A view or opinion that is incorrect because it is based on faulty thinking or understanding.

Example:

Public misconceptions about AIDS remain high.

A myth is similar. Definition:

A widely held but false belief or idea.

Example:

He wants to dispel the myth that sea kayaking is too risky or too strenuous.

More synonyms include:

error, misbelief, miscalculation, false impression, fallacy, false notion, old wives' tale, urban myth/legend

(Oxford Dictionaries Online: factoid, misconception, myth)

The issue with factoid is that it doesn't necessarily mean false.

Definition of factoid:

1. A brief or trivial item of news or information.

1.1 An assumption or speculation that is reported and repeated so often that it becomes accepted as fact.

I think the word misconception fits in your sentence:

Because he researched what he had heard from his friends, he was able to refute many of their misconceptions.

Misconception does necessarily mean false. Definition:

A view or opinion that is incorrect because it is based on faulty thinking or understanding.

Example:

Public misconceptions about AIDS remain high.

A myth is similar. Definition:

A widely held but false belief or idea.

Example:

He wants to dispel the myth that sea kayaking is too risky or too strenuous.

More synonyms include:

error, misbelief, miscalculation, false impression, fallacy, false notion, old wives' tale, urban myth/legend

(Oxford Dictionaries Online: factoid, misconception, myth)

I think the word misconception fits nicely into your sentence:

Because he researched what he had heard from his friends, he was able to refute many of their misconceptions.

Definition:

A view or opinion that is incorrect because it is based on faulty thinking or understanding.

Example:

Public misconceptions about AIDS remain high.

A myth is similar. Definition:

A widely held but false belief or idea.

Example:

He wants to dispel the myth that sea kayaking is too risky or too strenuous.

More synonyms include:

error, misbelief, miscalculation, false impression, fallacy, fallacy, false notion, old wives' tale, fairy tale, cock-and-bull story, urban myth/legend

(Oxford Dictionaries Online: misconception, myth)

The issue with factoid is that it doesn't necessarily mean false.

Definition of factoid:

1. A brief or trivial item of news or information.

1.1 An assumption or speculation that is reported and repeated so often that it becomes accepted as fact.

I think the word misconception fits in your sentence:

Because he researched what he had heard from his friends, he was able to refute many of their misconceptions.

Definition:

A view or opinion that is incorrect because it is based on faulty thinking or understanding.

Example:

Public misconceptions about AIDS remain high.

A myth is similar. Definition:

A widely held but false belief or idea.

Example:

He wants to dispel the myth that sea kayaking is too risky or too strenuous.

More synonyms include:

error, misbelief, miscalculation, false impression, fallacy, false notion, old wives' tale, urban myth/legend

(Oxford Dictionaries Online: factoid, misconception, myth)