"Khakis" is often used to refer to pants (that are khaki-colored, or made of the khaki textile). For example, Old Navy has a khakis page that lists various pants [1]various pants and one specific to men's khakis [2]khakis.
In the context of the movie, khakis are another 'material good' that Tyler denounces, like cars, ikea furniture, etc.
[1] http://www.oldnavy.com/products/khakis.jsp