Questions tagged [old-english]
Questions dealing with Old English, i.e. the language of the Anglo-Saxons up to about 1150.
188
questions
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The meaning of word “FOR” at the beginning of sentence [duplicate]
I met some odd usage of preposition "for". I guess it's old style, or high style. I give examples for better understanding:
About this time legend among the Hobbits first becomes history ...
1
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0answers
77 views
Why are “said” and “paid”/“laid” pronounced differently?
The words say, pay, lay are phonemically /seɪ/, /peɪ/ and /leɪ/ respectively (with the diphthong /eɪ/). Their past and past participles are respectively: /sɛd/ (or /sed/), /peɪd/ and /leɪd/. The past/...
2
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1answer
65 views
Why did “it” lose its initial 'h' but other pronouns such as “him” and “her” didn't?
The pronouns it, him, her had an initial h in the older forms of English which has been retained in her, him, but lost in it (formerly hit).
Etymology of it (Wikitionary):
From Middle English it, hit ...
0
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1answer
62 views
About Lovecraft's style to start a sentence with 'For' [duplicate]
I'm reading my first ever novel in English (French is my mother tongue): Tales of Horror by H.P Lovecraft.
Surprisingly, reading this book is fine for me, however there's a sentence construction I don'...
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27 views
What did Lord Byron mean by “Away with this cant about nature!”?
In Oscar Wilde's A Sentimental Journey Through Literature, he suggests that the literary critic 'Mr Noel' thought Lord Byron was a "true nature worshipper and Pantheist".
Wilde provides ...
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1answer
48 views
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74 views
How did willa compound with cuma, to signify 'it's well you have come' and 'one who arrives at the pleasure of another'?
I based the subject line on Etymonline, but the other quotations purport different etymons. Regardless which etymons are correct, I don't understand how they begot the meanings of "it's well you ...
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1answer
58 views
What did “on by out, over, up” mean?
What did "on by out", "on by up", "on by over" mean?
Why did Old English tack and jam these different prepositions together? E.g. didn't ufan alone mean "above&...
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2answers
112 views
Identifying Compound words in Modern English
Compound words like SNOWMAN etc, are obvious compound words in Modern English, as both words that make up the compound word exist as words in Modern English.
However, words like SHEPHERD aren't words ...
0
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1answer
115 views
Why does “broad” not rhyme with “boat”?
The word "broad" is pronounced /brɔːd/ (some US accents: /brɑːd/) instead of */brəʊd/. The spelling -OA- somehow suggests that these words are closely related and/or were pronounced the same ...
3
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2answers
207 views
Was there a /t͡ʃ/ to /k/ sound change from Old English?
I stumbled upon a strange thing while looking up the etymology of words ending in "le". I looked up "kettle" and saw that it was pronounced with /t͡ʃ/ in Old English and also in ...
0
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1answer
101 views
Why did the vowel in “Christ” become long in moving from Old English to Middle English?
I have read the following question and all the answers, and they do not answer my question, so it is not a duplicate:
Why are the vowels in Christ and Christmas different? (and other strange diphthong ...
6
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2answers
179 views
Why did some English verbs lose nasal endings?
I saw this ending in many words of Old English origin where a word has -an in Old English but then lost in Modern English.
Examples: habban, climban, sceþþan, singan, offrian etc.
I noticed another ...
7
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1answer
2k views
What does the phrase “or euer” mean in Middle English from the 1500s?
What does the phrase "or euer" mean in Middle English from the 1500s?
It's often translated as "before", but I'm trying to find out specifically the cultural connotation of what ...
4
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1answer
332 views
Was there a D to TH sound change in English?
I looked up the etymology of "father" and see what Etymology Dictionary says:
Old English fæder "he who begets a child, nearest male ancestor;"
It clearly says "fæder" ...
1
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0answers
57 views
“An” in Shakespeare's Taming of the Shrew
In Act 1, Scene 1, Katherine says to Bianca "A pretty peat! It is best / Put finger in the eye, an she knew why".
I understand "Put finger in the eye" means she is fake crying for ...
0
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1answer
58 views
Is or was “too young for to marry” valid English, now or in the past?
I made a very serious effort to locate the name of this song, and to find more info on it. Sadly, I was unable to. All I have is this YouTube link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MWTF6nRqNvU
It ...
23
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4answers
5k views
Why did the F of “sneeze” and “snore” change to an S in English history?
The etymologies of "sneeze" and "snore" suggest that they were once pronounced with /f/. Here is what Wiktionary (from which all the following information also comes) says:
From ...
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4answers
1k views
Detailed explanation: what is “dayspring”?
I am looking for information about the beautiful english word dayspring.
Exact meaning, with a link to the meaning in a dictionary. I know dayspring means "dawn or first ray of light" but I ...
16
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2answers
3k views
Why did the Old English word “līċ” get displaced by “corpse”?
While checking the etymology of the English word corpse, wikitionary says it had been līċ in Old English. Wikitionary also gives /liːt͡ʃ/ as its pronunciation, which apparently is completely different ...
2
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3answers
612 views
How to pronounce IPA “/rɑːp/”? (Old English)
I'm making a video which includes some information about the ancient Saxon and Norman political organization of the English county of Sussex. One thing I am stuck on is the Old English pronunciation ...
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0answers
40 views
Why does Distal of “yon” got no Source, Goal, Time, Manner, Reason?
I know yon is old-fashioned and bygone. But why blanks in red rectangle? Why it had no Pro-adverb for Source, Goal, Time, Manner, Reason?
4
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4answers
126 views
Is there an Old English-derived word for change/alter/modify?
Why is there no word for change / alter / modify that is historically Germanic (that is, existed in Old English)? All of these are historically Latin of latin derivation.
The nearest from Old English ...
2
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1answer
154 views
What does “stat 1. c.18” mean?
I'm reading Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations and I keep seeing these chronologic references to reigns of kings and queens in England:
By the 12th of Queen Anne, too, stat. 1, c. 18
What do "...
4
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2answers
917 views
What did they use in Old English or Middle English before 'of course'?
I'm writing a story that heavily uses archaic or unusual English words, with a focus of non-Latin, non-French and non-Anglo-Norman derived words and how English might work without them.
I found very ...
4
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2answers
176 views
Origin of describing emotions with adjectives associated with taste
You might have seen that most of the adjectives that are related to taste are used to describe emotions. It is very common. It exists in many other languages.
Salty, sour, sweet, bitter etc. We use ...
2
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1answer
131 views
Pronunciation of -wic in place names
In the TV series The Last Kingdom a number of place names appear. The series typically shows the Ænglisc spelling of place names, followed by the modern one. E.g. the name old name Wintanceaster ...
0
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0answers
37 views
Are there english/anglish words for raw meat?
Are there any words for raw meat?
This can mean raw fermented meat, raw cultured meat, raw fresh meat, raw high meat, raw spoiled meat.
And can include specific types of meat, such as poultry, pork, ...
0
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0answers
34 views
What is the word order in the founding documents of American history?
Apparently, the historical document passages in SAT tests have some sort of twisted word order. I wonder if there is a proper text on the grammatical word order rules for such documents.
P.S. I ...
0
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2answers
175 views
Why is slain a past participle of slay? [duplicate]
Past participles in the English language usually end with -ed, but slain is one exception. Why can't we have just slayed rather than that and slain, too? And why can't slain be its very own verb?
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45 views
Difference in Negative forms( also Archaic English)
Imagine this, my baby brother was making annoying weird noise to irritate me, so I'd tell him
"Can you NOT do that!" {But here I can't say "CAN'T you do that!"}
Now,imagine my big brother was making ...
11
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1answer
359 views
What is the earliest written example of Old English?
What is the earliest written example of Old English?
0
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1answer
28 views
Is there a word for “the application of ointments/creams to oneself”?
I know there's a word for "the washing or cleaning of oneself, for personal hygiene, or the ritual washing or cleaning associated with religious observance" which is "ablution", and there's also "...
3
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1answer
128 views
How does this Old English text (from the dedication of the book “The White Horse King”) translate in Modern English?
The dedication of the book The White Horse King (Merkle, 2009) contains the following:
Hwa Þeos, Þe gesihÞ swa swa se morgen
Fæger swa se mona
Beorht swa se sunne
Torhtmod swa se scildweall.
...
3
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2answers
253 views
Etymology of “to trade”?
Concerning "to trade", I saw on Etymonline:
https://www.etymonline.com/word/trade
late 14c., "path, track, course of action," introduced by the Hanse
merchants, from Middle Dutch or Middle Low ...
7
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3answers
3k views
Origin of the word “delete”
What is the history of the word "delete".
It's from Latin "deletus", but I wonder how and why this word was borrowed in English.
Usually, words directly borrowed in English are from religious, ...
6
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1answer
246 views
Origin of old English word “offrian”
I know that Latin and old French are implicated, but where does the old English "offrian" come from?
I mean: what is the word evolution from the root? Which root exactly: why this "ian" ending?
...
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1answer
1k views
What does Ȝecyndbēc mean?
The only link on Google is to this Wikipedia page on a "Poetic Retelling of Genesis". I gather Lēoþ means "song", but there is no definition of the other word. Does is just say "In the beginning" or ...
0
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1answer
64 views
What punctuation did the original manuscript of Beowulf have?
I am trying to find information on the punctuation of the Beowulf Manuscript, but not getting much. I found an image online of what appears to be a front page of an old looking book, but I'm not sure ...
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1answer
119 views
What is an archaic, rare noun or word for an archetypal, vengeant, past tensive male character who is of the past that many aspire to be like?
What I mean is "someone of old" that people could be drawn to. One who is stuck in the past and in his ways and dislikes the future.
Something like:
• an originator
• an innovator
• a predecessor
• ...
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0answers
87 views
How to determine Weak and Strong verbs in Old English (Anglo-Saxon)
How to determine whether a verb is a weak verb or a strong verb in Old English ?
9
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1answer
212 views
Was Old English “ēalās” equivalent to Modern English “hello”?
In a question in the Spanish Language site about the origin of Spanish hola 'hello', one of the answers states that Old English ēalās, written ēalā before a name, already sounded quite similar to hola,...
3
votes
1answer
215 views
Did Old English have a middle voice or mediopassive voice?
I've read that Icelandic and Old Norse have a middle voice, so I wanted to know if either or both of these distinct grammatical features existed in Old English.
See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
9
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1answer
333 views
The “prickmouse” and the “butcher's broom”
I sometime go for walks in the wood near where I live, and in the undergrowth, beneath the oaks and pines, you'll find an evergreen prickly shrub which is called pungitopo in Italian. The word is ...
9
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2answers
1k views
Why is the origin of “threshold” uncertain?
The Barn, Church Hall Farm, Broxted, Essex (England)
See the YouTube video
(13.40) George Clarke: The architecture of threshing barns is absolutely driven by their function. With two opposing doors ...
3
votes
2answers
796 views
How is 'wl-' pronounced?
How is 'wl-' pronounced at the beginning of a word?
Of course, you just don't pronounce it at all, because there is no English word that begins that way and if there were, well, that's just not ...
0
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0answers
30 views
No Gender Nouns [duplicate]
Why do adjectives and some nouns in English not have gender?
Is there a history beyond that?
Don't this cause some ambiguity in the language itself?
10
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4answers
13k views
Etymology of 'black'
I saw a news article on ABC news that made the claim that "if you go back far enough in time", the word 'black' used to mean 'white' and has the same origins as the French blanc and English bleach.
...
3
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1answer
82 views
Is the edh ð always curved, or can it be straight?
I'm wondering about the orthography of the old english edh ð. It is always drawn (lowercase) as a curved d with the line through it. But I'm wondering if it would be acceptable to just have it be a ...
3
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1answer
288 views
How homogeneous was Old English spelling?
Are varying spellings available, or was Old English rather uniform, as far as the sources show?
Variant spelling may have indicated different verbal dialects, but written dialects, involuntary eye ...
