Merriam Webster gives one definition of the word iteration as:
the action or a process of iterating or repeating: such as
a procedure in which repetition of a sequence of operations yields results successively closer to a desired result.
Iteration is aiso used in mathematics to describe the process of repeatedly using the same formula to approach a desired value (an example is the calculation of better and better approximations of infinite numbers like pi and the square root of a number which is not a perfect square).
It seems to me that what you are doing to train the AI is iterating since you are applying the validation process to succeszive results of the same validation process.
Iteration seems to be an accurate description of the process you describe.