14

Should I use on or upon in the following sentence?

I remembered the story years later when I investigated the incident it was based on.

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  • 1
    Both usages are equally valid. I see no subtle nuance differentiating them. – FumbleFingers Feb 21 '12 at 15:35
  • @FumbleFingers upon seems to be heading the way of the dodo, though. – Kris Feb 24 '12 at 14:38
  • 1
    @Kris: I think you're right, but it might be stretching a point to suggest that referring to "the incident it was based upon" carries the implication that the speaker is a reactionary linguistic fuddy-duddy! – FumbleFingers Feb 24 '12 at 14:44
  • Not exactly, but asking the younger readers to run for a dictionary may not be reasonable. :) ELU may see questions like 'was there once a word like upon that I ran into today?' sometime. – Kris Feb 24 '12 at 14:59
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Usage note from Thefreedictionary:

In their uses to indicate spatial relations, on and upon are often interchangeable.

It was resting on (or upon) two supports.
We saw a finch light on (or upon) a bough.

To indicate a relation between two things, however, instead of between an action and an end point, upon cannot always be used.

Hand me the book on (not upon) the table.
It was the only town on (not upon) the main line.

Similarly, upon cannot always be used in place of on when the relation is not spatial.

He wrote a book on (not upon) alchemy.
She will be here on (not upon) Tuesday.

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  • Where are those last few examples from? I don't see them on the page you linked. I do see 'upon' used interchangeably, though. I also find counterexamples on the 'upon' page: "in an elevated position on: a flag upon the roof", so a book "upon" the table; " on the occasion of, at the time of, or immediately after", so that would imply "upon Tuesday"; even saying " on (in any of various senses, used as an equivalent of on with no added idea of ascent or elevation, and preferred in certain cases only for euphonic or metrical reasons)". Seems pretty explicit about them being equivalent. – DCShannon Oct 10 '16 at 10:55
5

on, not upon.

Based upon might have been used in the past.

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(src: Google nGrams)

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  • Do you have a source for this plot? – Steven C. Howell Nov 17 '15 at 17:45
  • 1
    @stvn66 books.google.com/ngrams/… – Kris Nov 20 '15 at 13:36
  • -1 just because one is used more than the other doesn't mean that it's always correct and the other is always wrong – DCShannon Oct 10 '16 at 10:50
  • @DCShannon Please see also FAQ for when to down vote. english.stackexchange.com/help Good Luck. – Kris Oct 14 '16 at 10:02
  • @Kris No idea what you're trying to get at. I would expect people with as much rep as us to know how downvoting works, but maybe you've forgotten, so here's a quote from the help center article on the downvote privilege: "Use your downvotes whenever you encounter an egregiously sloppy, no-effort-expended post, or an answer that is clearly and perhaps dangerously incorrect." – DCShannon Oct 17 '16 at 16:55
4

Should I use on or upon in the following sentence?

I remembered the story years later when I investigated the incident it was based on.

In this particular case, it makes no real difference. And if you’re one of those who feels that whenever you have the choice of two words of unequal lengths, indistinguishable in meaning, that you should always select the shorter of the two, then the choice is clear.

Others have noted that despite claims that on and upon are completely interchangeable, that there many places where you cannot use upon at all. It turns out there are also a few places where the reverse is true, that you cannot use on and must upon.

One such place is with phrasal verbs involving upon; there are also several non-verbal formulaic constructs associated with upon. Here are some of them:

  • to come upon

    • 1827     Scott Tales of Grandfather 1st Ser. viii,     To come upon him suddenly and by night.
    • 1832     Tennyson Lady of Shalott iii, in Poems (new ed.) 15     ‘The curse is come upon me,’ cried The Lady of Shalott.
    • 1886     J. McCarthy & R. C. Praed Right Hon'ble III. xxviii. 39     It came upon her now that something subtler‥lay at the root.
    • 1850     Tait's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 725/2     They might come upon me afterward, and make me pay up.
    • 1820     Examiner No. 637. 414/2     She came upon us by surprise.
    • 1849     T*ait's Edinb. Mag.* 16 154/1     The travellers soon came upon a village.
    • 1865     J. W. Carlyle Lett. III. 256,     I came upon Geraldine in Cheyne Row.

  • to fall upon

    • 1858     E. H. Sears Athanasia III. v. 297     The church‥had fallen upon the belief that he [Christ] was soon to appear again.
    • Also, to fall upon the enemy is not the same as to fall on the enemy.

  • to set upon (to attack, assail, fall violently upon)

    • 1875     Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 356     This is the reason why my three accusers..have set upon me.

  • to stand upon

    • 1854     Poultry Chron. 2 206     ‘Faint heart ne'er won fair lady’ is a good motto to stand upon.
    • 1828     E. Bulwer-Lytton Pelham III. xii. 209     Lady Glanville was a woman of the good old school, and stood somewhat upon forms and ceremonies.
    • 1889     ‘M. Gray’ Reproach of Annesley I. ii. i. 145     You stand upon a fanciful punctilio.
    • 1889     F. Barrett Under Strange Mask II. x. 2     We were real friends, and only stood upon ceremony in our business relations.

  • to feel put-upon by an imposition

    • 1996     Daily Express 1 Mar. 47/5     Dolores is revealed‥as a put-upon drudge who slaved for her employer.
    • 2005     Observer 18 Sept. i. 23/3     Wallace's‥poor put-upon dog, Gromit.

  • upon a wind (a nautical term)

    • 1810     Scott Let. 18 Mar. (1932) II. 313,     I would‥endeavour to go as the sailors express it upon a wind i.e. make use of it to carry me my own way.
    • 1846     H. Raikes Life Sir J. Brenton 328     Every ship‥made all the sail she could carry upon a wind.

  • once upon (a time)

    • 1854     Poe The Raven     Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary,
    • Once upon a time, there lived ...
    • Once upon an autumn eve, a wounded knight named Sieur Luc ...
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-5

The sentence shouldn't end in "on". It should be ".. on which the incident was based."

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  • 3
    This is unrelated to the question at hand, and wrong to boot. -1. – RegDwigнt♦ Oct 31 '12 at 19:19
  • 4
    what's wrong with ending the sentence in 'on'? – Mitch Oct 31 '12 at 19:21
  • 4
    Please, do go on. – Robusto Oct 31 '12 at 19:22
  • 4
    What is your answer based upon? Whatever style guide had this tidbit isn't worth the paper it's printed on. – Zairja Oct 31 '12 at 19:25

protected by tchrist♦ Feb 26 '15 at 2:13

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