It doesn't really work with the example provided by the question, though I wouldn't rule out A girl of green eyes and ruddy complexion stepped forward.
Also consider some of the following:
Intangible things possessed:
Joseph wore a coat of many colours.
He was a man of very few words.
It turned out to be a day of very few surprises.
She was a player of great potential.
Tangible things:
Obama's memoirs are contained in a book of over 600 pages.
They found themselves in a field of sheep
A bottle of water, a tank of petrol, a hive of bees, a shelf of books, a line of cars
One could go on for a long time adding to this list, including tangible things. Hence I am finding it difficult to formulate a rule for what works and what doesn't. Perhaps the linguistics specialists know of one.
It doesn't seem to work with anatomical things, nor work as well with tangible things such as a car of white wheels, though one could say a car of white appearance.
One can say A man of 6ft 4inches was seen to enter the open door but not a man of large ears sat in the chair.
But "of" following a noun to indicate possession is certainly alive and well in many everyday expressions.