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My friend said the other day:
It makes perfect sense to use the strategy of being a lion among sheep rather than a sheep among lions
I have researched this phrase and have found nothing, so I suspect my friend made it up. Is there a well-known proverb or idiom with a similar meaning?
A couple of somewhat similar sayings are "Better to be a big fish in a small pond than a small fish in a big pond" and the statement of Milton's devil character, who says "To reign is worth ambition, though in hell; better to reign in hell than serve in heaven." Not quite the same, though.
The following quotation from George Puttenham, "The Arte of English Poesie" (1589) appears in William Rushton, Shakespeare and 'The Arte of English Poesie' (1909):
There is a decency in respect of the persons with whom we do negotiate, as with the great personages, his egals to be solemn and surly, with meaner men pleasant and popular, stout with the sturdy and mild with the meek, which is a most decent conversation and not reproachful or unseemly, as the proverb goeth, by those that use the contrary, a Lion among Sheep and a Sheep among Lions. Right so in negotiating with Princes we ought to seek their favour by humility and not by sternness, nor to traffick with the by way of indent or condition, but frankly and by manner of submission to their wills, for Princes may be lead but not driven, nor they are to be vanquished by allegation, but must be suffered to have the victory and be relented unto.
It thus appears that "to be a lion among sheep and a sheep among lions" was, in the late 1500s, a proverbial way to refer to someone who was bold and decisive (or arrogant and overbearing) among his perceived inferiors but meek and deferential among his superiors. That type of person is surely as familiar to anyone who has worked in a hierarchical organization today as it was to George Puttenham in 1589.
The poster's friend, seems to have a different meaning in mind—namely that it is better be to be a powerful figure among weaklings than a weak figure among the powerful. Nevertheless, there may be some echo of the older proverb in the friend's assertion; certainly the formulation is strikingly similar.
Morris Tilley, A Dictionary of the Proverbs in England in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (1950) cites Pullenham's use of the expression and links it to another proverb about circumstantial boldness: "who takes a lion absent fears a mouse present." Yet another old proverbial expression that Tilley cites is "as fierce as a lion of Cotswold"—an expression that goes back to 1530 and whose original meaning seems to have been "one who pretends to be fierce when surrounded by sheep" (there being no actual lions but lots of actual sheep in Cotswold); eventually the figurative meaning of this phrase came to be "a sheep"—evidence that a lion that tarries among sheep may become a sheep himself, if indeed he was not one all along.
A proverbial expression arguing against the virtues of being a lion among lesser creatures appears in "Reply to 'Survey': Staff Rank in the Navy" (April 9, 1868) in George Clymer, The Principles of Naval Staff Rank, and Its History in the United States Navy for Over Half a Century (1869):
Large-minded and far-seeing men of the Line see their own distinction increased by the elevation of the Staff Corps, for "it is nobler to be the lion among lions than a lion among apes."
Hence the most distinguished military leaders (including Napoleon I) have been emphatic in their testimony in favor of Honoring and elevating the Staff Corps ; and, hence, in the best organized and most efficient naval services, a high de facto rank is given to Staff Officers.
The quotation marks around the expression suggest that the author is citing it as proverbial, but I haven't found any earlier instances of the saying.
Julius Caesar said, as quoted here:
I would rather be first in a little Iberian village than second in Rome.
This quotation may be unknown to most people in these days of little familiarity with ancient history, but it was widely known in my era. What Caesar meant was that if he were first in a small Iberian village he had the ability to become first over a much larger area, possibly Rome itself, but that if he were second in Rome, he would have to be subordinate to second-raters and third -raters all his life, or vie with all the others who wanted to be first, which could have led to an ignominious end. And, of course, he actually was killed, even when he was first. Politics in Rome were bloody.
Are you asking what is the symmetry of that proverb? Do you want to know the phraise? I searched it and got this.
It’s better to live one day as a lion than a sheep for a hundred years.
It's comparatively easy to be a Lion among men, but the measure of real achievement is to become a Lion among Lions.
This is a quote I heard and used during my business career, and I practiced the realities of it too.
I have no clue as to its origins, perhaps Shakespeare?
Any offers?
