While not perfect, I think you could refer to a painter or a sculptor as applying a "discipline".
or in the case of a broad selection : multidisciplinary
Certainly "discipline' could refer to a broad variety of sciences...perhaps too broad as it could cross into medicine, law, philosophy etc.
discipline from Oxford Living Dictionaries
2) A branch of knowledge, typically one studied in higher education.
‘sociology is a fairly new discipline’
‘Both men draw not only from their own disciplines but from their knowledge of history, sociology, and literature.’
or
Multidisciplinary at Oxford Living Dictionaries
Combining or involving several academic disciplines or professional specializations in an approach to a topic or problem.
While the connection to art is less common my google search of "disciplines of art" did yield articles that used the word discipline in connection to art.
Here is one headline and article using the term repeatedly in that connection.
“What Kind Of Art Do You Make?”: Defining Your Discipline
Here is an example of an author involved with a MoMa referring to art and science as different disciplines and referring to the combining the two as taking an interdisciplinary approach.
Why So Siloed? Costs and Benefits of Interdisciplinary Approaches in Museums
I remember a high school chemistry teacher of mine singing a song about hydrogen and then asking our class to create our own piece (poem, painting, performance, anything) about our favorite element on the periodic table. Needless to say I will not forget the atomic mass of neon anytime soon. This combination of seemingly disparate disciplines not only allowed appreciation for both, but also lent to an enriched experience for us students. Educators work to create multiple entry points for students to connect to a subject in their own personal ways, because a personal connection means greater retention in the future. As informal learning institutions, museums have the potential to experiment with these types of interdisciplinary practices.