I am thinking of the word "culpatory" as defining a system of justice which is more concerned with discovering culpability than explanation (most of them do).
The definition of culpatory per the OED is as follows:
Tending to or expressing blame.
1786 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 4) V. 247 If adjectives in osus, as famosus, &c. were not most commonly used by Latian authors in a culpatory sense.
1801 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. 12 588 Eloquent culpatory diatribes.
I was watching a documentary of an actual lawsuit where a very poor boy of 14, who had been introduced to cocaine by his homeless mother at the age of 10, and who had only ever known brutalised living on the streets had committed a serious crime. The court seemed to me excessively obsessed with finding culpability rather than seeking understanding of the circumstances.
The only word I could think of to describe such a system is culpatory, but the OED indicates that its use is rare. Is there a better known word or expression that says much the same thing?