I want to know if there is such a phrase. What I mean is doing something "over the course of a night", but of course it doesn't have to be that short.
I think it could have something to do with things which ended unexpectedly fast, you did it in unbelieveably short period of time. This is a phrase from another language, I didn't want to translate it in a plain way. I hope there is something similar in English.
overnight
is used the exact same way in American English at least. "He/She was an overnight success" means they had success extremely quickly and sometimes implies that it was unexpected by the speaker.