You seem to be asking about a way to describe not just being overloaded with information, but being unable to find the valuable or interesting information you want due to the vast amount of unrelated, low quality, or downright misleading material in your way. You're also asking not just for a single word, but also a "phrase" according to your tag. Therefore, I offer:
separating the wheat from the chaff
There's so much garbage on the internet these days that it's hard to
separate the wheat from the chaff when you search for medical information.
also: gold among the dross
It's hard to find the gold among the dross on the internet these days - there are just so many false stories.
If the information you're looking for is some sort of singular fact, you can use the phrase "finding a needle in a haystack" to indicate the difficulty of the search for a single item among a vast array of similar things. However, you generally would not use this phrase to describe searching for a set or group of things, or a class of information.