In addition to loot and booty, which are limited, and dirty money, which is quite general, I would offer up the more specific blood money.
Loot and booty are more specifically for theft or ransacking of a national treasure, such as a tomb filled with gold. Dirty money is quite general and can be used for any illegally or unethically acquired gain.
Blood money is used to describe a situation where one party gains financially at the detriment or even death of another. The winning party then gives money to the hurt party or the next of kin.
In more casual use, I have heard people referring to any money gained through murder or other violent acts as blood money. For example, someone might say that
The mafia family built their inheritance on blood money.
A similar term is blood diamond. Its use is reserved for diamonds that were acquired through violence or harsh mining conditions. Considering that use, with some creativity in the situation, you might prepend any item of value with the word blood to give your audience the impression of acquiring the asset through violence or other dubious means. Jokingly, you could say
John's promotion was a blood promotion, because he was ruthless in acquiring it.
Other cultures use the term more specifically and even legally. Westernized cultures use it loosely and never legally, as far as I know.
Wikipedia has an entry on blood money.