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I saw this in VMware's annual report:

We sell and market our products largely through a network of channel partners, which includes distributors, resellers, system vendors, and systems integrators. . . .

What’s the difference between distributors and resellers?

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The two words are often equivalent, but distributor often implies a closer relationship with the manufacturer (as does dealership). The organisation may even be a wholly- or partly-owned subsidiary of the manufacturer.

A reseller often has a looser relationship with the supplier. They may not carry full stocks of spare parts, for example, and their staff may be less knowledgeable about the products.

This distinction can be seen by implication in OP's example, where the "channel partners" are listed in sequence from most- to least-closely associated with the supplier VMware.

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To my understanding, it has to do with the chain of distribution from the manufacturer to the end-user or customer.

A distributor does imply a closer relationship with the manufacturer. Essentially, a distributer buys direct from a manufacturer and sells to either resellers or, sometimes, the end-user directly.

A reseller usually buys from a distributor or a wholesaler to get the best deal and sells directly to the end-user.

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To my understanding, there is big difference between re-seller and distributor. I can say that distributor is a dealer, but the re-seller purchases the goods from the re-seller.

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    Thanks for your contribution, but please review your answer: you've said "the re-seller purchases the goods from the re-seller. Did you mean "from the distributor"?
    – TrevorD
    Oct 13, 2013 at 15:33

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