In crowd control, they are simply called stanchions — short for post and rope stanchions or retractable belt stanchions. You don't have to mention the ropes or belts, unless you need to be specific.
From Queue Solutions:
The correct definition of the word stanchion is an upright bar or
post such as a support for a railing. However, the term is commonly
used to describe the various form of barriers used to create customer
queues (waiting lines). The two basic types are rope barriers and
retracting belt barriers.
You can find relevant usage examples at Corpus of Contemporary American English — the stanchions
. Here are a few:
She held her hat in one hand; it had come off when she climbed under
the stanchions of the Boardwalk.
Today the museum will remove stanchions roping off examples from a
second hoard of Benkaim Indian paintings to enter the collection.
The mask's owner insists on the stanchions to keep people back. He
doesn't even permit staff to open the case without him present.
Here are a couple from Google Books:
In a millisecond, all thirty of us jumped over the stanchions and
swarmed the president. The Secret Service agents started touching the
small radios in their ears and talking to one another.
Taking the Lead . . . , Dave Alpern (2021)
When a teenage boy with numerous tattoos tried to cross under the
stanchions to jump ahead of the flow of people, rather than walking
the zig-zag footpath, a tall male police officer tapped him on the
shoulder and asked him to follow him.
Christmas Plus . . . , Shirley A. Franklin (2010)