Unsubscribe was probably intended to be perceived as a noun here. Read that way, unsubscribe successful does not violate any rules of grammar. (It is admittedly not a grammatically complete sentence, but brief messages of this sort are generally not expected to be complete sentences.)
Whether such new nominalizations should be embraced or avoided is a matter of opinion. People whose jobs require them to frequently refer to a process of unsubscribing are likely to find it convenient to use unsubscribe as a noun. On the other side, those who are outside that world are likely to cringe upon seeing it, and to think of it as annoyingly jargonistic. It is probably wise for people in the former group to be mindful of how those in the latter group may react to this use of the word, when writing for them.
It remains to be seen which side will prevail over time, as many terms that were created by people in computing-related fields, as a part of their jargon, have percolated into uncontroversial everyday use over the last thirty years. Unsubscribe, used as a verb, may itself be an example.
Incidentally, prompt is not quite the right word for a message that says 'unsubscribe successful', given that it does not prompt one to do anything; its purpose is presumably to conclude the process.