AFAIK 'girl' is the only commonly used one that maps closely to those (highly informal and gendered).

"dude", "bro", and "man" can be used to refer to women, either because the word has achieved a sort of gender neutrality or playfully with someone who you trust.

I disagree with many of the other posters saying you shouldn't use these terms 'because there's no reason to risk it' - taking risks interpersonally is a way way to build rapport, and constantly worrying about stepping on toes is no way to live. But if you aren't fairly sure that it's OK, don't do it.

AFAIK 'girl' is the only commonly used one that maps closely to those (highly informal and gendered). But it would be strange for a man use it - can be done, but usually ironically.

Also "dude", "bro", and "man" can be used to refer to women, either because the word has achieved a sort of gender neutrality or playfully with someone who you trust.

I slightly disagree with many of the other posters saying you shouldn't ever use these terms 'because there's no reason to risk it' - taking risks interpersonally can be a way way to build rapport and familiarity, and constantly worrying about stepping on toes is no way to live. But if you aren't fairly sure that it's OK, don't do it.